Subcommittee on Cybersecurity, Information Technology, and Government Innovation Chairwoman Nancy Mace (R-S.C.) opened a hearing titled “Preparing for the Quantum Age: When Cryptography Breaks” in Washington. The focus was on the significance of quantum computing and the need to develop post-quantum cryptography to safeguard U.S. cybersecurity.
Chairwoman Mace emphasized that understanding quantum computing is crucial for government preparedness as it will transform various fields, including encryption and drug discovery. She noted that while classical computing is familiar and widely used, quantum computing operates differently and can solve problems beyond the reach of classical computers.
Mace highlighted that although quantum computing is still in its early stages, U.S. companies are investing heavily in its development. A McKinsey report from 2023 projected that the quantum technology market could exceed $100 billion by 2040.
Quantum computers leverage quantum physics laws to extract more information with fewer computations, offering potential breakthroughs in medicine and science. However, they also pose a threat to traditional encryption methods deemed secure by classical standards.
The Subcommittee’s role includes ensuring federal technology’s cybersecurity. Experts agree that advanced quantum computers could disrupt cryptographic security across sectors like finance, healthcare, and defense. To address this, Mace mentioned the Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act co-led with Rep. Khanna, signed into law in December 2022. This legislation mandates a federal plan to transition IT systems to post-quantum cryptography.
Mace warned against delays in addressing these challenges as foreign adversaries might exploit current data with future quantum capabilities under a “steal now, decrypt later” strategy.
She expressed anticipation for updates from witnesses on agency progress regarding the implementation of their bill. Mace also referenced President Trump’s signing of the National Quantum Initiative Act in 2018 as evidence of U.S. commitment to advancing quantum technologies.
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